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Compare Norfolk Island (2005) - Mozambique (2001)

Compare Norfolk Island (2005) z Mozambique (2001)

 Norfolk Island (2005)Mozambique (2001)
 Norfolk IslandMozambique
Administrative divisions none (territory of Australia) 10 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia); Cabo Delgado, Gaza, Inhambane, Manica, Maputo, Nampula, Niassa, Sofala, Tete, Zambezia
Age structure 0-14 years: 20.2%


15-64 years: 63.9%


65 years and over: 15.9% (2005 est.)
0-14 years:
42.72% (male 4,124,093; female 4,152,135)

15-64 years:
54.53% (male 5,222,477; female 5,339,615)

65 years and over:
2.75% (male 221,678; female 311,059) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products Norfolk Island pine seed, Kentia palm seed, cereals, vegetables, fruit; cattle, poultry cotton, cashew nuts, sugarcane, tea, cassava (tapioca), corn, rice, coconuts, sisal, tropical fruits; beef, poultry
Airports 1 (2004 est.) 168 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.)
total:
22

over 3,047 m:
1

2,438 to 3,047 m:
3

1,524 to 2,437 m:
10

914 to 1,523 m:
3

under 914 m:
5 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total:
146

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
16

914 to 1,523 m:
37

under 914 m:
92 (2000 est.)
Area total: 34.6 sq km


land: 34.6 sq km


water: 0 sq km
total:
801,590 sq km

land:
784,090 sq km

water:
17,500 sq km
Area - comparative about 0.2 times the size of Washington, DC slightly less than twice the size of California
Background Two British attempts at establishing the island as a penal colony (1788-1814 and 1825-55) were ultimately abandoned. In 1856, the island was resettled by Pitcairn Islanders, descendants of the Bounty mutineers and their Tahitian companions. Almost five centuries as a Portuguese colony came to a close with independence in 1975. Large-scale emigration by whites, economic dependence on South Africa, a severe drought, and a prolonged civil war hindered the country's development. The ruling party formally abandoned Marxism in 1989, and a new constitution the following year provided for multiparty elections and a free market economy. A UN-negotiated peace agreement with rebel forces ended the fighting in 1992.
Birth rate NA 37.2 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues: $20 million


expenditures: $20 million, including capital expenditures of $2 million (FY99/00)
revenues:
$466.9 million

expenditures:
$1.004 billion, including capital expenditures of $502.5 million (2000 est.)
Capital Kingston Maputo
Climate subtropical; mild, little seasonal temperature variation tropical to subtropical
Coastline 32 km 2,470 km
Constitution Norfolk Island Act of 1979 30 November 1990
Country name conventional long form: Territory of Norfolk Island


conventional short form: Norfolk Island
conventional long form:
Republic of Mozambique

conventional short form:
Mozambique

local long form:
Republica de Mocambique

local short form:
Mocambique

former:
Portuguese East Africa
Currency - metical (MZM)
Death rate NA 24.21 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external NA $1.4 billion (2000 est.)
Dependency status territory of Australia; Canberra administers Commonwealth responsibilities on Norfolk Island through the Department of Environment, Sport, and Territories -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (territory of Australia) chief of mission:
Ambassador Sharon P. WILKINSON

embassy:
Avenida Kenneth Kuanda 193, Maputo

mailing address:
P. O. Box 783, Maputo

telephone:
[258] (1) 492797

FAX:
[258] (1) 490114
Diplomatic representation in the US none (territory of Australia) chief of mission:
Ambassador Marcos Geraldo NAMASHULUA

chancery:
Suite 570, 1990 M Street NW, Washington, DC 20036

telephone:
[1] (202) 293-7146

FAX:
[1] (202) 835-0245
Disputes - international none none
Economic aid - recipient NA $1.04 billion (1998)
Economy - overview Tourism, the primary economic activity, has steadily increased over the years and has brought a level of prosperity unusual among inhabitants of the Pacific islands. The agricultural sector has become self-sufficient in the production of beef, poultry, and eggs. Before the peace accord of October 1992, Mozambique's economy was devastated by a protracted civil war and socialist mismanagement. In 1994, it ranked as one of the poorest countries in the world. Since then, Mozambique has undertaken a series of economic reforms. Almost all aspects of the economy have been liberalized to some extent. More than 900 state enterprises have been privatized. A value-added tax, introduced in 1999, launched the government's comprehensive tax reform program. Pending are much needed commercial code reform and greater private sector involvement in the transportation, telecommunications, and energy sectors. Since 1996, inflation has been low and foreign exchange rates relatively stable. Albeit from a small base, Mozambique's economy grew at an annual 10% rate in 1997-99, one of the highest growth rates in the world. Growth slowed and inflation rose in 2000 due to devastating flooding in the early part of the year. Both indicators should recover in 2001. The country depends on foreign assistance to balance the budget and to pay for a trade imbalance in which imports greatly outnumber exports. The trade situation should improve in the medium term, however, as trade and transportation links to South Africa and the rest of the region have been improved and sizeable foreign investments are beginning to materialize. Among these investments are metal production (aluminum, steel), natural gas, power generation, agriculture, fishing, timber, and transportation services. Mozambique has received a formal cancellation of a large portion of its external debt through an IMF initiative and is scheduled to receive additional relief.
Electricity - consumption NA kWh 307 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports - 1.9 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports - 68 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production NA kWh 2.3 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel:
13.04%

hydro:
86.96%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: Mount Bates 319 m
lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Monte Binga 2,436 m
Environment - current issues NA a long civil war and recurrent drought in the hinterlands have resulted in increased migration of the population to urban and coastal areas with adverse environmental consequences; desertification; pollution of surface and coastal waters
Environment - international agreements - party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups descendants of the Bounty mutineers, Australian, New Zealander, Polynesians indigenous tribal groups 99.66% (Shangaan, Chokwe, Manyika, Sena, Makua, and others), Europeans 0.06%, Euro-Africans 0.2%, Indians 0.08%
Exchange rates Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002), 1.9334 (2001), 1.7248 (2000) meticais per US dollar - 17,331.0 (January 2001), 5,199.8 (2000), 12,775.1 (1999), 11,874.6 (1998), 11.543.6 (1997), 11,293.8 (1996)
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and Australia are represented by Administrator Grant TAMBLING (since 1 November 2003)


head of government: Assembly President and Chief Minister Geoffrey Robert GARDNER (since 5 December 2001)


cabinet: Executive Council is made up of four of the nine members of the Legislative Assembly; the council devises government policy and acts as an advisor to the administrator


elections: the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia; chief minister elected by the Legislative Assembly for a term of not more than three years; election last held 20 Ocotber 2004 (next to be held by December 2007)


election results: Geoffrey Robert GARDNER elected chief minister; percent of Legislative Assembly vote - 17.2%
chief of state:
President Joaquim Alberto CHISSANO (since 6 November 1986); note - before being popularly elected, CHISSANO was elected president by Frelimo's Central Committee 4 November 1986 (reelected by the Committee 30 July 1989)

head of government:
Prime Minister Pascoal MOCUMBI (since NA December 1994)

cabinet:
Cabinet

elections:
president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 3-5 December 1999 (next to be held NA 2004); prime minister appointed by the president

election results:
Joaquim Alberto CHISSANO reelected president; percent of vote - Joaquim Alberto CHISSANO 52.29%, Afonso DHLAKAMA 47.71%
Exports $1.5 million f.o.b. (FY99/00) $390 million (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Exports - commodities postage stamps, seeds of the Norfolk Island pine and Kentia palm, small quantities of avocados prawns 40%, cashews, cotton, sugar, citrus, timber; bulk electricity (2000)
Exports - partners Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia, Europe EU 27%, South Africa 26%, Zimbabwe 15%, India 12%, US 5%, Japan 4% (1999 est.)
Fiscal year 1 July - 30 June calendar year
Flag description three vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and green with a large green Norfolk Island pine tree centered in the slightly wider white band three equal horizontal bands of green (top), black, and yellow with a red isosceles triangle based on the hoist side; the black band is edged in white; centered in the triangle is a yellow five-pointed star bearing a crossed rifle and hoe in black superimposed on an open white book
GDP - purchasing power parity - $19.1 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: NA


industry: NA


services: NA
agriculture:
44%

industry:
19%

services:
37% (1999 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - NA purchasing power parity - $1,000 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate NA 3.8% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 29 02 S, 167 57 E 18 15 S, 35 00 E
Geography - note most of the 32-km coastline consists of almost inaccessible cliffs, but the land slopes down to the sea in one small southern area on Sydney Bay, where the capital of Kingston is situated -
Highways total: 80 km


paved: 53 km


unpaved: 27 km (2001)
total:
30,400 km

paved:
5,685 km

unpaved:
24,715 km (1996)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
lowest 10%:
2.5%

highest 10%:
31.7% (1996-97)
Illicit drugs - Southern African transit point for South Asian hashish, South Asian heroin, and South American cocaine probably destined for the European and South African markets; producer of cannabis (for local consumption) and methaqualone (for export to South Africa)
Imports $17.9 million c.i.f. (FY91/92) $1.4 billion (c.i.f., 2000 est.)
Imports - commodities NA machinery and equipment, mineral products, chemicals, metals, foodstuffs, textiles (2000)
Imports - partners Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia, Europe South Africa 44%, EU 16%, US 6.5%, Japan 6.5%, Pakistan 3%, India 3% (1999 est.)
Independence none (territory of Australia) 25 June 1975 (from Portugal)
Industrial production growth rate NA 7.2% (1999)
Industries tourism, light industry, ready mixed concrete food, beverages, chemicals (fertilizer, soap, paints), petroleum products, textiles, cement, glass, asbestos, tobacco
Infant mortality rate total: NA


male: NA


female: NA
139.2 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) NA 11.4% (2000 est.)
International organization participation UPU ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, ECA, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM, OAU, OIC, OPCW, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNTAET, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 8 (2000)
Irrigated land NA 1,200 sq km (2000 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court; Court of Petty Sessions Supreme Court (the court of final appeal; some of its professional judges are appointed by the president and some are elected by the Assembly); other courts include an Administrative Court, customs courts, maritime courts, courts marshal, labor courts

note:
although the constitution provides for the creation of a separate Constitutional Court, one has never been established; in its absence the Supreme Court reviews constitutional cases
Labor force 1,345 7.4 million (1997 est.)
Labor force - by occupation tourism 90%, subsistence agriculture 10% agriculture 81%, industry 6%, services 13% (1997 est.)
Land boundaries 0 km total:
4,571 km

border countries:
Malawi 1,569 km, South Africa 491 km, Swaziland 105 km, Tanzania 756 km, Zambia 419 km, Zimbabwe 1,231 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2001)
arable land:
4%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
56%

forests and woodland:
18%

other:
22% (1993 est.)
Languages English (official), Norfolk a mixture of 18th century English and ancient Tahitian Portuguese (official), indigenous dialects
Legal system based on the laws of Australia, local ordinances and acts; English common law applies in matters not covered by either Australian or Norfolk Island law based on Portuguese civil law system and customary law
Legislative branch unicameral Legislative Assembly (9 seats; members elected by electors who have nine equal votes each but only four votes can be given to any one candidate; members serve three-year terms)


elections: last held 20 October 2004 (next to be held by December 2007)


election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 9 (note - no political parties)
unicameral Assembly of the Republic or Assembleia da Republica (250 seats; members are directly elected by popular vote on a secret ballot to serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held 3-5 December 1999 (next to be held NA 2004)

election results:
percent of vote by party - Frelimo 48.54%, Renamo-UE 38.81%; seats by party - Frelimo 133, Renamo-UE 117

note:
Renamo-UE ran as a multiparty coalition; none of the other opposition parties received the 5% required to win parliamentary seats
Life expectancy at birth total population: NA


male: NA


female: NA
total population:
36.45 years

male:
37.25 years

female:
35.62 years (2001 est.)
Literacy NA definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
42.3%

male:
58.4%

female:
27% (1998 est.)
Location Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Australia Southern Africa, bordering the Mozambique Channel, between South Africa and Tanzania
Map references Oceania Africa
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
Merchant marine - total:
3 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 4,125 GRT/7,024 DWT

ships by type:
cargo 3 (2000 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of Australia -
Military branches - Army, Naval Command, Air and Air Defense Forces, Militia
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $35.1 million (2000 est.)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - 1% (2000 est.)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49:
4,627,052 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49:
2,670,933 (2001 est.)
National holiday Bounty Day (commemorates the arrival of Pitcairn Islanders), 8 June (1856) Independence Day, 25 June (1975)
Nationality noun: Norfolk Islander(s)


adjective: Norfolk Islander(s)
noun:
Mozambican(s)

adjective:
Mozambican
Natural hazards typhoons (especially May to July) severe droughts and floods occur in central and southern provinces; devastating cyclones
Natural resources fish coal, titanium, natural gas, hydropower, tantalum, graphite
Net migration rate NA 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Pipelines - crude oil 306 km; petroleum products 289 km

note:
not operating
Political parties and leaders none Front for the Liberation of Mozambique (Frente de Liberatacao de Mocambique) or Frelimo [Joaquim Alberto CHISSANO, chairman]; Mozambique National Resistance - Electoral Union (Resistencia Nacional Mocambicana - Uniao Eleitoral) or Renamo-UE [Afonso DHLAKAMA, president]
Political pressure groups and leaders none NA
Population 1,828 (July 2005 est.) 19,371,057

note:
estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected; the 1997 Mozambican census reported a population of 16,099,246 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line NA 70% (2000 est.)
Population growth rate -0.01% (2005 est.) 1.3% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors none; loading jetties at Kingston and Cascade Beira, Inhambane, Maputo, Nacala, Pemba, Quelimane
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 3, shortwave 0 (2005) AM 13, FM 16, shortwave 12 (2000)
Radios - 730,000 (1997)
Railways - total:
3,131 km

narrow gauge:
2,988 km 1.067-m gauge; 143 km 0.762-m gauge (1994)
Religions Anglican 34.9%, Roman Catholic 11.7%, Uniting Church in Australia 11.2%, Seventh-Day Adventist 2.8%, Australian Christian 2.4%, Jehovah's Witness 0.9%, other 2.7%, unspecified 15.3%, none 18.1% (2001 census) indigenous beliefs 50%, Christian 30%, Muslim 20%
Sex ratio NA at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
0.99 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.98 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.71 male(s)/female

total population:
0.98 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: adequate


domestic: free local calls


international: country code - 672; undersea coaxial cable links with Australia, New Zealand, and Canada; satellite earth station
general assessment:
fair system but not available generally (telephone density is only 3.5 telephones for each 1,000 persons)

domestic:
the system consists of open-wire lines and trunk connection by microwave radio relay and tropospheric scatter

international:
satellite earth stations - 5 Intelsat (2 Atlantic Ocean and 3 Indian Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 2,532; note - a mix of analog (2500) and digital (32) circuits (2004) 65,354 (2000)
Telephones - mobile cellular 0 (proposed cellular service disallowed in August 2002 island referendum) (2002) 18,500 (2000)
Television broadcast stations 1 (local programming station plus two repeaters that bring in Australian programs by satellite) (2005) 1 (2000)
Terrain volcanic formation with mostly rolling plains mostly coastal lowlands, uplands in center, high plateaus in northwest, mountains in west
Total fertility rate NA 4.82 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate 0% 21% (1997 est.)
Waterways - 3,750 km (navigable routes)
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